The resistance is defined as the ratio of the potential difference 'V' across it to the current 'i' which flows through the conductor.
Resistance (R)=V/i
When we apply a potential difference 'V' between the ends of a conductor, an electric field 'E' will be set up inside the conductor and as a result a current 'i' flows through the conductor. This causes root notion for the resistance.
Resistance is a characteristic of the conductor as a whole. Resistance depends in general on nature of material, its dimensions(length,area of cross section), its temperature.
In some type of conductors the resistance 'R' increases when 'V' is increased. In another type of conductors the resistance 'R' decreases when 'V' is decreased. In some type of conductors 'R' depends on the direction of current flows through it.
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